实验目的：
1、掌握OSPF的区域汇总。
实验拓扑：
实验步骤：
1、依据图中拓扑配置各设备的IP地址，并保证直连连通性;
在R1上做如下配置：
R1(config)#int f0/0 R1(config-if)#no shutdown R1(config-if)#ip address 12.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 R1(config-if)#exit R1(config)#int f1/0 R1(config-if)#no shutdown R1(config-if)#ip address 13.1.1.1 255.255.255.0 R1(config-if)#exit R1(config)#int loopback 1 R1(config-if)#ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255 R1(config-if)#exit
在R2上做如下配置：
R2(config)#int f0/0 R2(config-if)#no shutdown R2(config-if)#ip address 12.1.1.2 255.255.255.0 R2(config-if)#exit R2(config)#int f1/0 R2(config-if)#no shutdown R2(config-if)#ip address 23.1.1.2 255.255.255.0 R2(config-if)#exit R2(config)#int loopback 1 R2(config-if)#ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255 R2(config-if)#exit
在R3上做如下配置：
R3(config)#int f0/0 R3(config-if)#no shutdown R3(config-if)#ip address 13.1.1.3 255.255.255.0 R3(config-if)#exit R3(config-if)#int f1/0 R3(config-if)#no shutdown R3(config-if)#ip address 23.1.1.3 255.255.255.0 R3(config-if)#exit R3(config)#int loopback 1 R3(config-if)#ip address 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255 R3(config)#int loopback 2 R3(config-if)#ip add 172.16.0.1 255.255.255.0 R3(config-if)#ip add 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0 secondary R3(config-if)#ip add 172.16.2.1 255.255.255.0 secondary R3(config-if)#ip add 172.16.3.1 255.255.255.0 secondary R3(config-if)#exit
在其中一台路由器上进行连通性测试：
R1#ping 12.1.1.2 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 12.1.1.2, timeout is 2 seconds: .!!!! Success rate is 80 percent (4/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 20/34/48 ms R1#ping 13.1.1.3 Type escape sequence to abort. Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 13.1.1.3, timeout is 2 seconds: .!!!! Success rate is 80 percent (4/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 16/31/48 ms
此时说明直连连接没有问题。
2.在每台路由器开始进行OSPF的配置，R1的配置如下：
R1(config)#router ospf 100 R1(config-router)#router-id 1.1.1.1 R1(config-router)#network 12.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 R1(config-router)#network 13.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 R1(config-router)#network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 area 1 R1(config-router)#exit
R2的配置如下：
R2(config)#router ospf 100 R2(config-router)#router-id 2.2.2.2 R2(config-router)#network 12.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 R2(config-router)#network 23.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 R2(config-router)#network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0 area 2 R2(config-router)#exit
R3的配置如下：
R3(config)#router ospf 100 R3(config-router)#router-id 3.3.3.3 R3(config-router)#network 13.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 R3(config-router)#network 23.1.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 R3(config-router)#network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0 area 3 R3(config-router)#network 172.16.0.0 0.0.0.255 area 3 R3(config-router)#network 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 3 R3(config-router)#network 172.16.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 3 R3(config-router)#network 172.16.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 3 R3(config-router)#exit
3、查看OSPF的路由表，在R1上：
R1#show ip route ospf
2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 2.2.2.2 [110/2] via 12.1.1.2, 00:01:56, FastEthernet0/0
3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 3.3.3.3 [110/2] via 13.1.1.3, 00:01:56, FastEthernet1/0
23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 23.1.1.0 [110/2] via 13.1.1.3, 00:01:56, FastEthernet1/0
[110/2] via 12.1.1.2, 00:01:56, FastEthernet0/0
172.16.0.0/16 is variably subnetted, 4 subnets, 2 masks
O IA 172.16.1.0/24 [110/2] via 13.1.1.3, 00:00:01, FastEthernet1/0
O IA 172.16.0.1/32 [110/2] via 13.1.1.3, 00:00:01, FastEthernet1/0
O IA 172.16.2.0/24 [110/2] via 13.1.1.3, 00:00:01, FastEthernet1/0
O IA 172.16.3.0/24 [110/2] via 13.1.1.3, 00:00:01, FastEthernet1/0
在R2上：
R2#show ip route ospf
1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 1.1.1.1 [110/2] via 12.1.1.1, 00:34:34, FastEthernet0/0
3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 3.3.3.3 [110/2] via 23.1.1.3, 00:34:34, FastEthernet1/0
172.16.0.0/16 is variably subnetted, 4 subnets, 2 masks
O IA 172.16.1.0/24 [110/2] via 23.1.1.3, 00:00:57, FastEthernet1/0
O IA 172.16.0.1/32 [110/2] via 23.1.1.3, 00:00:57, FastEthernet1/0
O IA 172.16.2.0/24 [110/2] via 23.1.1.3, 00:00:57, FastEthernet1/0
O IA 172.16.3.0/24 [110/2] via 23.1.1.3, 00:00:57, FastEthernet1/0
此时R1和R2从R3学到区域间的4条精细路由，为了减少骨干区域的链路状态数据库，减少路由表体积并降低路由器的压力，可以采用区域间路由汇总技术。
4．在R3上实现区域间路由汇总：
R3(config)#router ospf 100 R3(config-router)# area 3 range 172.16.0.0 255.255.252.0 R3(config-router)#exit
再次查看R1和R2的路由表：
R1#show ip route ospf
2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 2.2.2.2 [110/2] via 12.1.1.2, 00:08:19, FastEthernet0/0
3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 3.3.3.3 [110/2] via 13.1.1.3, 00:08:19, FastEthernet1/0
23.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 23.1.1.0 [110/2] via 13.1.1.3, 00:08:19, FastEthernet1/0
[110/2] via 12.1.1.2, 00:08:19, FastEthernet0/0
172.16.0.0/22 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 172.16.0.0 [110/2] via 13.1.1.3, 00:00:47, FastEthernet1/0
R2#show ip route ospf
1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 1.1.1.1 [110/2] via 12.1.1.1, 00:40:16, FastEthernet0/0
3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 3.3.3.3 [110/2] via 23.1.1.3, 00:40:16, FastEthernet1/0
172.16.0.0/22 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O IA 172.16.0.0 [110/2] via 23.1.1.3, 00:01:02, FastEthernet1/0
13.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 13.1.1.0 [110/2] via 23.1.1.3, 00:40:16, FastEthernet1/0
[110/2] via 12.1.1.1, 00:40:16, FastEthernet0/0
可以看到原本4条区域间精细路由汇总成一条，说明R3上区域间汇总成功，此实验完成。
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