实验目的:

1、掌握默认路由的基本配置。

2、理解默认路由的应用环境。

实验拓扑:

实验步骤:

1、依据图中拓扑配置各设备的IP地址,并保证直连连通性;

在R1上做如下配置:

R1(config)#int f0/0

R1(config-if)#no shutdown

R1(config-if)#ip address 12.1.1.1 255.255.255.0

R1(config-if)#exit

R1(config)#int loopback 1

R1(config-if)#ip address 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255

R1(config-if)#exit

在R2上做如下配置:

R2(config)#int f0/0

R2(config-if)#no shutdown

R2(config-if)#ip address 12.1.1.2 255.255.255.0

R2(config-if)#exit

R2(config)#int loopback 1

R2(config-if)#ip address 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255

R2(config-if)#exit

R2(config)#int loopback 2

R2(config-if)#ip address 8.8.8.8 255.255.255.255

R2(config-if)#exit

在R1上进行直连连通性测试:

R1#ping 12.1.1.2


Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 12.1.1.2, timeout is 2 seconds:

.!!!!

Success rate is 80 percent (4/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 28/36/48 ms

此时说明直连连接没有问题。

2.通过部署默认路由,使得R1可以访问R2背后的所有环回网段,如下:

R1(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 12.1.1.2 

查看R1的路由表:  

R1#show ip route

Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2

       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2

       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route

       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route


Gateway of last resort is 12.1.1.2 to network 0.0.0.0


     1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C       1.1.1.1 is directly connected, Loopback1

     12.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets

C       12.1.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0

S*   0.0.0.0/0 [1/0] via 12.1.1.2

此时R1的路由表出现“S*”标识的路由条目,即静态默认路由。

3、在R1上测试默认路由,如下:

R1#ping 2.2.2.2


Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2.2.2.2, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 28/38/52 ms

R1#ping 8.8.8.8


Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 8.8.8.8, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 28/36/56 ms

 以上表明,通过部署默认路由,使得R1可以访问互联网的网段,此实验完成。